Mukhtar Babayev defended his country’s hosting of the world’s most important climate summit despite its surging natural gas exports, even as UN chief Antonio Guterres renewed calls this week for countries to “phase out” fossil fuels.
In an exclusive interview in Bonn with AFP, the COP29 organisers said they would also call for a “COP truce” and ask nations to observe a conflict ceasefire during the marathon negotiations in Baku in November.
It comes as diplomats are meeting in the German city this week and next to take stock of global climate action, including a pledge made at last year’s COP in the United Arab Emirates to transition away from fossil fuels.
Environmental activists have expressed dismay that the climate talks are being held a second year running in a nation committed to developing even more of the fuels most responsible for causing global warming.
Azerbaijan’s president recently described his country’s gas reserves as a “gift of the gods” and pledged to defend other fossil-fuel economies wanting to extract more oil and gas.
Babayev, a former oil executive turned ecology minister, said Azerbaijan was a gas-exporting nation and they would keep ramping up production to meet demand.
This includes from the European Union, he said, which signed major gas contracts with the former Soviet nation after the outbreak of the Ukraine war caused an energy crisis.
“We are planning in several years (to) increase the volumes of the natural gas but, at the same time, our renewable energy projects,” Babayev told AFP.
“I think in parallel — natural gas production and renewables — possibly will move together at the same time,” he added, saying his country was already investing in major clean energy projects.
The UAE, which was accused of using its COP presidency to advance fossil fuel deals — allegations it denies — also defended scaling up oil and gas production capacity in response to demand.
Babayev is hoping his COP presidency will lead to a new agreement on money from wealthy nations to help developing ones invest in clean energy and adapt to the impacts of global warming.
This has been a sticking point of climate negotiations for decades, but negotiators hope to land a new fundraising target when world leaders and ministers meet in Baku.
Developing countries want the goal to exceed a previous target of $100 billion per year.
It is estimated that emerging markets and developing countries, excluding China, will need more than $2 trillion a year by 2030 to meet their climate and development needs.
Developed nations historically responsible for climate change agree that more cash is needed, but want wealthy economies and major polluters like China to pay in as well.
Raising this money is a “global effort”, said COP29 lead negotiator Yalchin Rafiyev. “We cannot single out any party, any country”.
“The current flow of finance is not sufficient. And regardless of who will be the contributors, the funding available for the developing countries should be increased,” Rafiyev told AFP.
Behind closed doors at Bonn, the COP29 team has floated raising money from “innovative sources”, including fossil fuel producers who may be asked to fund climate action in vulnerable nations.
“It is a very preliminary idea, and we already had the chance to discuss it with different countries and international financial institutes, and UN institutions,” Babayev said, without offering further details.
